OBD-II Trouble Codes List: P0300, P0420 and Common Check Engine Codes

Quick Answer: P0300 means random misfire, P0420 means catalyst efficiency below threshold, P0171/P0174 mean lean conditions bank 1/2, and P0455 means a large EVAP leak (usually the gas cap). Codes starting P0 are universal across all makes; P1 codes are manufacturer-specific.

This lookup table covers the codes that account for most check-engine-light visits, what each means, how urgent it is, and the estimated fix cost – with a link to the full diagnosis guide where we have one.

Common OBD-II Trouble Code Lookup Table

Code Meaning Urgency Typical Fix Cost
P0300 Random / multiple cylinder misfire High – stop driving if flashing $100-$700 (plugs, coils, or fuel)
P0301-P0308 Misfire in specific cylinder High $50-$400 (coil/plug/injector)
P0420 Catalyst efficiency below threshold Medium $100 (O2 sensor) – $1,500 (cat)
P0171 / P0174 System too lean (bank 1 / bank 2) Medium $20 (vacuum hose) – $400 (MAF, pump)
P0172 / P0175 System too rich (bank 1 / bank 2) Medium $100-$600 (injector, regulator, sensor)
P0455 EVAP large leak detected Low $10 (gas cap) – $150 (purge valve)
P0442 EVAP small leak Low $10-$150
P0128 Coolant thermostat below regulating temp Low-Medium $150-$350 (thermostat)
P0300-family + P0440 See misfire + EVAP rows
P0101 MAF sensor circuit range/performance Medium $15 (clean) – $250 (replace)
P0401 EGR insufficient flow Medium $150-$600 (clean or replace EGR)
P0402 EGR excessive flow Medium $150-$600
P0011 / P0014 Camshaft position timing over-advanced Medium-High $120 (oil change + VCT solenoid) – $1,000+
P0446 EVAP vent control malfunction Low $50-$200 (vent valve)
P0505 Idle control system malfunction Medium $100-$400 (IAC/throttle body)
P0700 Transmission control system fault High – see trans shop varies widely
P2181 Cooling system performance Medium $150-$500 (thermostat/pump/fan)
P2096 / P2098 Post-catalyst fuel trim lean Medium $100-$600

How to Read the Code Format

The first letter identifies the system: P = powertrain, B = body, C = chassis, U = network. The second digit tells you if the code is generic (0) or manufacturer-specific (1). The remaining digits point to the subsystem – 03xx is misfires, 04xx is emissions and EVAP, 01xx is fuel and air metering.

Freeze Frame Data Is Your Friend

Any cheap OBD-II scanner shows the conditions when the code set: RPM, load, coolant temp, speed. P0171 that appears only at cold start points somewhere different than one that appears at highway cruise. Read the freeze frame before buying parts.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive with a check engine light on?

A steady light with normal driving behavior: yes, short-term. A flashing light means active misfire that is destroying the catalytic converter – stop driving and diagnose now.

Will the code clear itself?

Most codes clear after 3 consecutive good drive cycles, but the underlying problem remains if it is not fixed. Clearing with a scanner without fixing the cause just resets the countdown.

What scanner should I buy?

A $25 Bluetooth OBD-II dongle with a phone app reads and clears codes and shows freeze frame data. Professional bi-directional tools are only needed for actuator tests and module work.

Does a code tell me exactly which part failed?

No. A code names the circuit or system that reported a problem, not the failed part. An O2 sensor code can be caused by a vacuum leak. Diagnose before replacing – that is the entire point of this site.

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